Now that we accomplished the other two other parts we shall move to the hardest part of this tutorial : Making the hole ( well, this one is quite simple, then a bit forward in the tutorial we will make a somekind of tube orifice, where tubes tend to connect, ussually very seen on space type textures or characters with alot of machinery, and i thought people would like to know better how to achieve this kind of effect .

Round Thingy

圆形物体

This little part will give you alot of trouble, i dont know the name for it so it will hxxe to stay "round...thingie", be remembered that my first language isnt English, but Portuguese , so go easy on me... anyways we shall start from the cilindrical surface where the "plug" is inside the supression. For this step it is crucial that we make the right selection, for this step i wont explain it by images, but with test : -make a sphere selection in a new layer and fill it with a color.-select the selection again ( DO NOT FEATHER ANYTHING YET ) and contract it , aybe 10 or 15 pixels will do, it really depends, and delete that selection from the color uv previously filled .- hide this layer and select its slection by clicking CTRL+click on the layer , heres an image below :

这个简陋的标题可能会给你带来点困扰，我不知道要选什么合适的词来形容它，只好用“圆形物体”了lol 要知道我的母语不是英语，而是葡萄牙语，所以不要对我太苛刻...我们总是用一个环形圈来开始，我们要做出一个塞口。怎么做出如图所示的选区呢，我将用文字来描述：-在新图层上画一个圆形选区并填充颜色-再次选择那个选区（到目前为止不要用羽化边缘）然后缩小它，（大概10-15个像素），删除新选区中你前面填充的颜色。-隐藏新图层，在需要时，在那个环形区域点ctrl+左键，再切换到底图层。

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Feather the selection and paint the highlights follwoing the lightsource like iv painted on the iamge ( you can variate, dont forget !! ) and dont forget to add subtle highlights ( 2 pxls wide in the end of the piece !!! ) .羽化选区然后根据光源绘制高光，可以摩仿我画的（当然别忘了你也可以自己创作），别忘了画边上强化结构转折的细条高光，（2像素宽在面片的底部转折处）

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For the shadows at this step they are a bit primary, do it like if you were doing a rivet, except that it gets cutted in the middle , so paint the shadows opposing the lightsource again , also add some but very slight near the side highlights, to give depth.

像画铆钉一样来绘制最初的阴影，只不过这儿因为结构原因在中间有个较明显的明暗过渡，也要在内环边加一圈细微的高光来给予高度。

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We will lexxe the primary shadowing and highlights for now...now we shall select the inner circle ( you can do it by unhiding the layer with the selection that we made at start , and with the magic wand tool click on the middle - the place where the supression will be ) , and feather it by 0.5 again.大感觉已经有了，现在我们来选择内圈的圆（你可以显示我们在最初创建的那个图层，用魔棒工具选择中间的圆，然后隐藏该图层将当前图层切换过来，最后羽化0.5）

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Shadow the inner a bit, like you see in the image, hte process is the same as the hole, but i will follow it thou.

如图，将它涂暗点，和做孔洞一样的程序。

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Round Thingy

圆形物体

This little part will give you alot of trouble, i dont know the name for it so it will hxxe to stay "round...thingie", be remembered that my first language isnt English, but Portuguese , so go easy on me... anyways we shall start from the cilindrical surface where the "plug" is inside the supression. For this step it is crucial that we make the right selection, for this step i wont explain it by images, but with test :

-make a sphere selection in a new layer and fill it with a color.-select the selection again ( DO NOT FEATHER ANYTHING YET ) and contract it , aybe 10 or 15 pixels will do, it really depends, and delete that selection from the color uv previously filled .- hide this layer and select its slection by clicking CTRL+click on the layer , heres an image below :

Now the hard part, add a very subtle highlight to the borders of the shape, and select the hole shape and select inverse ( dont forget to feather the selection!! ) , the start painting some shadows with the burn tool , just to get the general effect.这步比较有难度，在形状的转折处加细小的高光。选择孔洞并反选（羽化边缘），用加深工具加些阴影，只要把整体感觉画出来就好了。

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The basic is done, now all you hxxe to do is to modify some lightning by mixing some dodges and burns in the right place, to give the effect of something spherical but at the same time conic基本部分已经做完了，然后你所要做的就是交替使用加深减淡工具，直到你把圆锥的体形刻画出来。

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Now for the tricky part, we pick up the dodge tool again, and set its brush size to 1 pxl , put some low opacity, and flow Clockwise followint the shpere shape, to make a somekind of brushed metal effect, do the same with some burns, but not so itense现在是棘手的部分，选择减淡工具，设成1像素尺寸，然后沿顺时针方向绕圈描画，来做一些打磨过的金属感觉，线条不要太紧张僵硬。

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Are you still there ?? amazing !! glad you made it out till here :D , anyways we are almost finishing !! be patient !! for for the final detailing on this part we will make a shape, any shape, could be anything inside the supression , i made a "j" ( i know...lame ) and i selected its transparency and used color burn again on the metal ( dont forget...feather )你还在那吗??真是令人惊喜!!很高兴你一直跟随教程到这步：D，不管怎么说我们快完工了!!再有点耐心!!在这个部分的最后我们要在圈内部加点细节，你可以作任意的形状。我做了一个”J”（我知道...很傻）我选择用透明度来叠加再加点明暗(别忘了...羽化)

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And to finalize, add this final highlight, a somewhat exagerated one , and finish some xxall details that you might want to change on the lightning :)最后定稿，加点高光来弄出凹陷效果，还可以根据你所要制作的光效，用小笔触在画面上涂改。

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There , we hxxe come this far, dont give up, this tutorial isnt THAT complex for god sake, now , we shall make a tube, and add finishing details such as scratches and some color ( i know that in the image i exagerated alot in the scratches...i was kinda angry...)我们已经走了这么远了，别放弃，这个教程并不是那么复杂，出于什么能工巧匠之手。现在，我们要做一个管道，并加点划痕和颜色细节（我知道我在图中加的刮痕很多...我那时候有点火气）

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Now lets work on the tube , for a start we shall make a selection for the place on where it will be allocated , a rectangle one should do the trick ( dont forget to feather it )现在我们要开始做这个管道了，开始我们要把分配给它的空间给划分出来，我们用一个矩形来变出戏法（别忘了羽化）

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The process will be almost the same as the making a hole in the texture , except that the shape is a rectangle, we are going to do this in order to make an effect where the tube seems to be inside the texture, and we shall shadow it with the burn tool set in color burn in highlights mode as well这个过程几乎和在材质上制作孔洞一样，除了这个形状是矩形的，做这个是为了练习嵌在材质里的管道，并且我们还是用高光模式的加深减淡来制作。

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After this we shall start to shape up the tube, by using the Dodge tool, to make the highlight in order to provide shape , make it a large brush, but very soft, to make it a bit subtle, something around the itensity on the image below.之后我们添加高光来改进这个管道的形状，用大个的软笔刷，压感轻重有变化地描画出如图效果，

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With a little xxaller brush add another highlight, this time make it fade in the top because light wont get till that point much...

再做另一部分高光，这次我们渐变的加强，并不会有很多的光线到达上面的点。

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To give it even more shape, with the dodge tool again, set in midtones with a very xxall size , around half the opacity when it was set to highlights, and paint in it like in the image为了让它的空间感更强，再用减淡工具，设成中间调小尺寸，大约一半之前画高光的曝光度，如图绘出反射光区域。

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Strenghten up the bigger highlight again.再次提亮高光区。

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Shadow the top and bottom of the shape , since it is inside another supression.顶部和底部加上如图的阴影，

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The tube is almost finished, not onto the supression where it is inserted, make the correct highlights with a xxall brush with the dodge tool again :) and there you go ! BUT REMEMBER : there are loads of ways onto aproaching tubes, heres an image with some examples, and remember that the process is the exact xxae as this one , except that i put some burns in the middle of the highlights , heres an image too of what i mean.管道基本上完成了，如果你的管道不是这种嵌入效果，用小笔刷再细细的修改吧。但是记住：管道有很多变化方式，比如中间拱起的。这张图片里是一些范例。但是万变不离其宗，制作方法都是雷同的。慢慢体会吧。

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Details

细节

Now comes the tricky part, the part tht will decide if you texture looks good or...not so good , we will go thru the process onto making scratches and adding color and dirt effects , the image i completed doesnt look very nice, cause the scratches are very exaggerated, and the colour is simple stupid, but as i say this will help to understand the basics of this process. We will start by adding the scratches, in this step use once again the highlight tool, but with a brush that resembles scratch ( you can search for grunge brushes on the net ) and spread it out till you like it , BUT REMEMBER : a surface doesnt hxxe to hxxe much scratche sto be realistic !! be moderated, not the way i did here !

这部分比较复杂，它做得好与坏，能决定你的材质看起来很好...或者看起来不那么好。这部分就是给金属加划痕和颜色，污迹。这张图显示了我完成的效果，看上去划痕有点夸张，颜色有点简单呆滞了，但是就像我说的，这能帮助你理解最基本的工序。先来加划痕，这节我们使用的还是高光工具，但用一种类似于刮痕的笔刷，（你可以在网络上搜索到这些笔刷）然后尝试它直到你喜欢为止。但是记住：一个表面并不需要把刮痕划得到处都是才像真实的!!保持中庸，不要像我在这里做的这样。

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Make some scratche swith the burn tool, also not as exagerated as this one, but with xxaller itensity.

用减淡工具做点划痕，也不要像这张一样夸张，用小一点的压力。

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Now with the dodge tool , with a 1 pxl brush size, with some itensity paint in a subtle highlight below the biggest dark spots that you created, this way you will make a feeling of xxaller supressions, and that this metal is kinda getting beaten.

接下来用1个像素的加深工具，在你做的最大的污渍上加点微妙的高光，这样你可以做出一种有点像被击打的效果。

This step is very important, you will hxxe to pick a texture that you want and place it in the selection of the thing we hxxe been doing so far, like you can see in the image.

这步非常重要，你可以在材质库中挑一张来覆盖在你目前为止所做的成果上以丰富细节。我选了如图的材质。

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now set the blending mode to overlay, the blending modes are set in the place marked in the screenshot, there are several of them, only beeing Overlay/Multiply/soft light/hard light/color hxxe the desired effects , although the color one is something else.现在设置混合模式来覆盖，混合模式的设置在如图所标示的位置上，有很多种。只有正片叠底/叠加/柔光/强光/color hxxe符合我们渴望的效果，尽管color hxxe是不太一样的东西。

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To xxoid exaggeration, we will erase some of the imag, but very subtly, with a mid opacity eraser brush .

为了避免夸张，我们使用半透明度的笔刷擦掉图上某些部分

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Now also comes a tricky part, we will paint ( yes paint , dodge and burn wont do this , since they shade according to the base texture only, so you will pick up a brush ( could be any, but heres mine )现在我们要使用笔刷来绘画了，（是的笔刷，加深减淡工具不适合这个，它们比较适合在黑白灰稿上调子），所以我们选择一个笔刷（可以是任意的，但如图是我使用的）

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anyhow, after you select your brush pick a dark brown color, and start painting in the direction of the grxxity, in this case, below , so this will make that dirt is falling from the pieces, as well paint in some parts of the pieces, try variating colors, like adding blue in the highlights . REMEMBER : the opacity in this process for the brush is VERY LOW ( around 5% or less ) , so it will resemble image below :

不管怎么说，设置你的笔刷为一种深棕色，然后开始在光线照不到的地方绘制，在本例中是在下方，这样做能使你的污渍附着在降下去的面上，在其他的非等高面片上也涂一些。尝试用丰富的颜色，比如在高光里加点蓝色。记住：这步中的笔刷所用的的透明度非常低（大约5%甚至更少）

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now to finish it, just change the layer blending mode to multiply or overlay, i chose overlay , since these are dark tones , and here you go...you finished !!!! i hope that this tutorial was good to help someone out :)

最后让我们来完成它，只要把你的图层混合模式设成正片叠底或叠加，我选了正片叠底来达到这种暗点的色调。接着是你...好的你完成了!!!!希望这个教程能给你带来帮助：）

Details

细节